Factores asociados a enterobiosis en niños de dos comunidades nativas Ese'Eja del departamento Madre de Dios, Perú / Factors associated with enterobiosis in children of the Ese'Eja native communities in department of Madre de Dios, Peru

Introducción: La enterobiosis es una de las principales infecciones intestinales del mundo. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la infección por Enterobius vermicularis en niños de dos comunidades nativas Ese'Eja en Madre de Dios, Perú. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico. Se trabajó con niños (77) de 1 a 11 años durante los meses de febrero a marzo de 2014. Para diagnosticar la enterobiosis se usó el test de Graham. Las manifestaciones clínicas fueron evaluadas por un médico y los factores asociados mediante una encuesta aplicada a los padres de los niños evaluados. Se usó estadística descriptiva y analítica, se utilizaron razones de prevalencia crudas y ajustadas con un IC 95 por ciento se consideró p< 0,05 como significativo. Resultados: La prevalencia de enterobiosis fue de 32,47 por ciento (25). Los factores asociados (RP e IC 95 por ciento) en el análisis bivariado fueron onicofagia 2,1 (1,1-3,9), chuparse los dedos 5,4 (2,1-2,7), uñas largas 7 (2,6-18,6), intercambio de ropa 2,3 (1,1-3,7), cambio de ropa interior 3,3 (1,8-5,9), uso de calzado 7 (2,6-18,4), juego con tierra 6,9 (1,7-27,3), juego con mascotas 6,4 (2,1-19,7), lavado de manos antes de comer 7,9 (3,6-17,1), lavado de manos después de comer 1,9 (1,7-3,66), 6 o más personas en la casa 3,9 (1,9-7,9), disposición de excretas a campo abierto 3,3 (1,7-6,2) y el menor nivel socioeconómico 2,6 (1,3-5,4). No hubo asociaciones en el análisis multivariado. Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de enterobiosis en la población estudiada y los factores de riesgo son similares a los antecedentes locales. Urge hacer programas de prevención y promoción de salud respecto al tema para reducir este problema(AU)

Introduction: Enterobiasis is one of the main intestinal infections worldwide. Objective: Determine the factors associated to Enterobius vermicularis infection in children from two native Ese'Eja communities in Madre de Dios, Peru. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in February-March 2014 of 77 children aged 1-11 years. Enterobiasis diagnosis was based on Graham's test. Clinical manifestations were evaluated by a physician, whereas associated factors were determined through a survey applied to the parents of the children studied. Use was made of descriptive and analytical statistical analysis, and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with a CI of 95 percent. A p value of 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Enterobiasis prevalence was 32.47 percent (25). The associated factors (PR and CI 95 percent) in the bivariate analysis were onychophagia 2.1 (1.1-3.9), finger sucking 5.4 (2.1-2.7), long nails 7 (2.6-18.6), exchanging clothes 2.3 (1.1-3.7), changing underwear 3.3 (1.8-5.9), wearing shoes 7 (2.6-18.4), playing with earth 6.9 (1.7-27.3), playing with pets 6.4 (2.1-19.7), handwashing before eating 7.9 (3.6-17.1), handwashing after eating 1.9 (1.7-3.66), six or more people in the household 3.9 (1.9-7.9), feces disposal in open areas 3.3 (1.7-6.2) and a lower socioeconomic level 2.6 (1.3-5.4). Multivariate analysis did not find any association. Conclusions: Enterobiasis prevalence is high in the population studied, and the risk factors are similar to the local antecedents. It is urgent to develop health prevention and promotion programs about the topic to reduce this problem(AU)

[Low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave treatment improves erectile function in non-responder PDEi5 patients: A systematic review]. / Ondas de choque de baja intensidad para la mejora en el tratamiento de la disfunción eréctil en pacientes no respondedores a PDE5-i: revisión sistemática.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effectiveness and safety in the short, medium, and long term of LISWT in patients with Erectile Dysfunction who do not respond to PDE5 inhibitors. METHODOLOGY: Clinical study, quasi-experimental cohort and systematic review following the guidelines of the Cochrane collaboration and the PRISMA writing guides. The measurement of the variables was determined as a primary outcome to the evaluation of erectile function, by means of a validated questionnaire. The baseline scale was evaluated, as well as the difference at 1, 3 and 6 months, evidenced by the possibility of maintaining an erection or responding to therapy with PDEi5. An information search was carried out from its beginning to the current date, in the databases: Medline, Embase, Central, Science Direct and Lilacs. RESULTS: The studies found used different outcome variables to show efficacy in the follow-up: All the studies used the IIEF-EF as outcome variable in its different variations. CONCLUSION: LISWT could be an effective and safe treatment in patients not responding to PDEi5. It is important to point out that the evidence is currently limited, randomized studies with greater methodological rigidity and follow-up longer than 12 months are needed in order to verify the medium and long-term effect of the application of shock waves in this group of patients.

Efficacy of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause in Latin-American Population: First Peruvian experience.

OBJECTIVE: This PUBA study aimed to assess the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). METHODS: GSM symptoms were assessed before, 1 month after the first session and 1 month after the third session of laser (3 sessions with a 30 days interval between them) in 60 women (median, interquartile range: 55, 49-69). Subjective (visual analog scale) and objective (Vaginal Health Index, VHIS; Vaginal Maturity Index/Frost Index; Spanish Overactive Bladder Questionnaire-Short Form, USMEX Spanish OAB-qSF and Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI) measures were used during the study period to assess CO2 fractionated laser treatment outcomes compared to baseline. RESULTS: Fractional CO2 laser treatment was effective to improve GSM symptoms (vaginal dryness, vaginal itching, vaginal burning, dyspaurenia, dysuria, urinary urgency; P < 0.001) after three sessions, as well as VHIS (median, interquartile range: 13, 10-15 at baseline vs. 21, 20-23 at the fourth month follow up; P < 0.001), Frost Index (median, interquartile range: 28, 24-31 at baseline vs. 8, 6-10 at the fourth month follow up; P < 0.001), USMEX (median, interquartile range: 56, 46-68 at baseline vs 14, 13-16 at the fourth month follow up: P < 0,001) and FSFI (median, interquartile range: 5, 2-14 at baseline vs 30, 28-32). CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the data suggests that fractionated CO2 laser is an effective alternative for GSM treatment with positive outcomes that persists over time. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:509-515, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Religious affiliation and the intention to choose psychiatry as a specialty among physicians in training from 11 Latin American countries.

The worldwide scarcity of psychiatrists makes the identification of the factors associated with the intention to choose this specialty an important issue. This study aims to evaluate the association between religious affiliation and the intention to choose psychiatry as a specialty among medical students from 11 Latin American countries. We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-country study that included first- and fifth-year students of 63 medical schools in 11 Latin-American countries between 2011 and 2012. The main outcome and measures were the intention to pursue psychiatry as a specialty over other specialties (yes/no) and religious affiliation (without: atheist/agnostic; with: any religion). A total of 8308 participants were included; 53.6% were women, and the average age was 20.4 (SD = 2.9) years. About 36% were fifth-year students, and 11.8% were not affiliated with any religion. Only 2.6% had the intention to choose psychiatry; the highest proportion of students with the intention to choose psychiatry was among students in Chile (8.1%) and the lowest among students in Mexico (1.1%). After adjusting for demographic, family, academic as well as personal and professional projection variable, we found that those who had no religious affiliation were more likely to report the intention to become a psychiatrist [OR: 2.92 (95%CI: 2.14-4.00)]. There is a strong positive association between not having a religious affiliation and the intention to become a psychiatrist. The possible factors that influence this phenomenon must be evaluated in greater depth, ideally through longitudinal research.

Elastography in Erectile Dysfunction: A Follow-up Alternative

Dear director, Elastography (EG) is an imaging modality used to evaluate the stiffness of tissues such as the breast, thyroid and liver. Recently, other organs of the digestive system have also been included, such as the pancreas.

[Giant retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumor: report of a case]. / Tumor fibroso solitario gigante retro peritoneal: a propósito de un caso.

Giant solitary fibrous tumor (TFSG) is a spindle cell neoplasm, uncommon, being pleural a common site. We report a case of chronic presentation of 4 months duration with a palpable mass. We found, a tumor 35 x 20 x 15 cm .In the literature tumors diagnosed as TFSG are very rare, the first reported in our country.

Tumor fibroso solitario gigante retro peritoneal: a propósito de un caso / Giant retroperitoneal solitary fibrous tumor: report of a case

El tumor fibroso solitario es una neoplasia fuso celular, poco común de localización pleural frecuentemente. Presentamos un caso de presentación crónica evidenciándose masa palpable identificando tumoración de 35 x 20 x 15 cm. Diagnosticándose por anatomía patológica tumor fibroso solitario gigante (TFSG). En la revisión bibliográfica sobre los tumores diagnosticados como TFSG es muy infrecuente, siendo el primero reportado en nuestro medio.

Giant solitary fibrous tumor (TFSG) is a spindle cell neoplasm, uncommon, being pleural a common site. We report a case of chronic presentation of 4 months duration with a palpable mass. We found, a tumor 35 x 20 x 15 cm .In the literature tumors diagnosed as TFSG are very rare, the first reported in our country.

Mercurio y salud en Madre de Dios, Perú / Mercury and health in Madre de Dios, Peru

El mercurio constituye un elemento esencial para la extracción del oro por amalgamación en las zonas amazónicas de extracción aurífera informal, como lo es la región de Madre de Dios, en Perú. La contaminación del agua de los ríos por el mercurio constituye un grave problema de salud pública para la región, debido a las consecuencias de su difusión en la cadena trófica alimentaria y su llegada final a seres humanos, pudiéndo ocasionar intoxicación crónica inclusive intraútero; motivo por el cual embriones y fetos podrían ser contaminados de manera irreversible en forma temprana generando patologías neurológicas congénitas.

Mercury is an essential element for extracting gold from river beds in illegal gold mining in Madre de Dios Region in Peru. Water pollution by mercury has become a very serious public health problem for this area, because of the dissemination of this metal in the food chain and being humans the final destination of mercury. Exposure to this element in pregnant women may lead to chronic mercury poisoning, and fetuses and embryos may become irreversibly affected, with the occurrence of congenital neurological disorders.